An AFCI breaker detects arc faults — the type of electrical fault where wiring sparks inside a wall without tripping a standard breaker. Arc faults cause electrical fires that start inside finished walls with no visible warning. A standard breaker does not detect arc faults. An AFCI breaker does.
NEC 2020 requires AFCI protection on virtually all circuits in living spaces including bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms, hallways, and kitchens. Homes built or wired before these code cycles were adopted have standard breakers throughout. When selling, refinancing, or after a safety inspection flags missing AFCI protection, we install AFCI breakers at the panel.
AFCI breakers are installed at the panel — one AFCI breaker per circuit protects the entire circuit from arc faults. No changes to outlet wiring required.